Nature Index 2024 Research Leaders: India follows in China’s footsteps as top ten changes again

 




India is making rapid progress for research output in the Nature Index and last year had a higher percentage growth in contributions to index journals than China, according to the latest release of calendar-year data.

The Nature Index 2024 Research Leaders – previously known as Annual Tables – is a series of rankings that highlight the leading countries, territories and research institutions for output in the database. The rankings show that India has overtaken Australia and Switzerland to sit in 9th place overall. In the natural sciences, the country is now 8th.

Since the Nature Index was introduced in 2014, China has been the standout country for growth in Share, a metric that measures contribution to papers in the Index by authors based in a particular location. In 2022, China overtook the United States as the leading country for natural-sciences output. In 2023, a year after health-sciences journals were added to the Index, China was top overall.

India’s overall Share for 2023 was 1,494.27 — which is much lower than China’s, at 23,171.84 — but its growth is now mirroring its Asian peer. From 2022 to 2023, India recorded an increase of 14.5% in its adjusted Share, a metric that takes account of annual fluctuations in the number of Nature Index articles each year. China, by comparison, had a growth in adjusted Share of 13.6%. Many leading Western countries continued to record dips in adjusted Share: the United Kingdom fell by 8.2%, the United States by 7.1% and Germany by 6.8%.

India’s success might be partly explained by its growing number of research institutions. “In the past decade, the number of universities has jumped from 752 to 1,016,” says Chittenipattu Rajendran, a seismologist at the National Institute of Advanced Sciences in Bengaluru, who also writes about science policy for The Wire publication. During this time, the Indian Institutes of Technology — the country’s network of education and research centres — grew from five to 23, says Rajendran, and seven new Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research have been established.

Subbiah Arunachalam, a visiting researcher at the DST Centre for Policy Research at the Indian Institute of Science, in Bengaluru, agrees that the expansion has played an important role in India’s rapid rise in the Index. “These institutions attract a new generation of scientists,” he says, “many having done their doctoral and postdoctoral work in North America, the United Kingdom and Europe”.

The second reason, says Arunachalam, is the availability of a large number of scholarships and fellowships that have been made available to students wanting to pursue a PhD, and in some cases master’s and undergraduate programmes. “The government has instituted special programmes to attract students to science and technology, right from the school level,” he says.

#NatureIndex2024 #ResearchLeaders #IndiaResearch #ChinaResearch #Top10ResearchCountries #ScienceInnovation #AcademicExcellence #ResearchImpact #GlobalScience #IndiaInnovation #ChinaInnovation #ScientificLeadership

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